纪录片部落--纪录片《[BBC纪录片]怪胎波FreakWave-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载》高清百度云1080p下载
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：怪胎波Freak Wave-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载
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科学纪录片主办伯纳德·希尔??和??出版由BBC在2002年播出的BBC地平线系列的一部分-英语旁白Science Documentary hosted by Bernard Hill and published by BBC broadcasted as part of BBC Horizon series in 2002 - English narration
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世界海洋通常在神秘的环境下平均每周要夺取一艘船。缺乏证据，调查人员通常会指出人为失误或维护不善，但一系列令人震惊的失踪和近沉事故，包括历史记录不佳的世界一流船只，促使人们寻找更加险恶的原因并重新相信一个海洋神话：水墙。挥动办公楼的高度。海浪不是船只设计的两倍大，不是海啸或海浪，而是巨大的破水墙。怀疑这些事实并非虚构，是在1978年由慕尼黑货船引起的。她是一艘最先进的货船。她准备穿越大西洋时预言的12月风暴与她的德国机组人员无关。这次航行完全是例行公事，直到12月12日凌晨3点，她从大西洋中部发出了一个混乱的五月天信息。救援行动立即开始，有一百多艘船只在大海中航行。“我们希望至少找到一条与人共渡的救生筏。我们从未找到过活着的灵魂。”慕尼黑搜寻协调员皮特·德·奈斯上尉从未找到这艘船。她用全部27只手摔倒了。详尽的搜索仅发现了一些残骸，包括一艘未发射的救生艇，该救生艇具有重要线索。它被存放在水线以上20m处，但其中一个固定销已扭曲，好像受到了巨大的力。海事法院的结论是恶劣的天气导致了一次异常事件。其他海员忍不住考虑了神话般的怪胎浪的可能性。他们不只是罕见的?根据传统的海景，它们根本不应该存在。海洋学家和气象学家长期以来使用一种称为线性模型的数学系统来预测波浪高度。这假设波浪在平均（所谓的“显着”）波浪高度附近以规则的方式变化。该模型表明，在波高为12m的暴风雨海中，几乎不会有超过15m的波。确实可以发生30m的事件之一-但每万年只能发生一次，除非它们确实以惊人的频率发生。自1990年以来，南非海岸附近有20艘船被海浪袭击，这违背了线性模型的预测。1985年的元旦，在挪威北海的Draupner石油钻井平台上，测得26m的波浪。有关的货运经营者想知道发生了什么事。在波谷到波峰之间的设计强度计算中，要求最大的海浪建筑师容纳15m。如果这一假设被证明是错误的，那么整个世界航运业将面临一些非常艰难的选择，什么会引起这种极端的浪潮？海洋学家马丁·格伦德林（Marten Grundlingh）对南非事件的频发感到好奇，在热带海面地图上绘制了这些罢工。所有的船只都在阿古拉斯海流的边缘，这是两个相反的水流的汇合点，将印度洋的温暖水和较冷的大西洋水混合在一起。卫星雷达监视证实，该气流边缘的波高可能会超出线性模型的预测范围，尤其是在风向与气流相反的情况下。问题解决了：答案只是为了避免一定的洋流The world's oceans claim on average one ship a week, often in mysterious circumstances. With little evidence to go on, investigators usually point at human error or poor maintenance but an alarming series of disappearances and near-sinkings, including world-class vessels with unblemished track records, has prompted the search for a more sinister cause and renewed belief in a maritime myth: the wall of water. Waves the height of an office block. Waves twice as large as any that ships are designed to ride over.These are not tsunamis or tidal waves, but huge breaking walls of water that come out of the blue. Suspicions these were fact not fiction were roused in 1978, by the cargo ship München. She was a state-of-the-art cargo ship. The December storms predicted when she set out to cross the Atlantic did not concern her German crew. The voyage was perfectly routine until at 3am on 12 December she sent out a garbled mayday message from the mid-Atlantic. Rescue attempts began immediately with over a hundred ships combing the ocean."We hoped to find at least a life-raft with people. We never found a living soul"Captain Pieter de Nijs, München search co-ordinatorThe ship was never found. She went down with all 27 hands. An exhaustive search found just a few bits of wreckage, including an unlaunched lifeboat that bore a vital clue. It had been stowed 20m above the water line yet one of its attachment pins had twisted as though hit by an extreme force. The Maritime Court concluded that bad weather had caused an unusual event. Other seafarers could not help but consider the possibility of a mythical freak wave.Freak waves are the stuff of legend. They aren't just rare, according to traditional views of the sea, they shouldn't exist at all. Oceanographers and meteorologists have long used a mathematical system called the linear model to predict wave height. This assumes that waves vary in a regular way around the average (so-called 'significant') wave height. In a storm sea with a significant wave height of 12m, the model suggests there will hardly ever be a wave higher than 15m. One of 30m could indeed happen - but only once in ten thousand years.Except they do happen with startling frequency. Since 1990, 20 vessels have been struck by waves off the South African coast that defy the linear model's predictions. And on New Year's Day, 1985 a wave of 26m was measured hitting the Draupner oil rig in the North Sea off Norway. Concerned shipping operators wanted to know what was going on. The largest wave marine architects are required to accommodate in the design strength calculations is 15m from trough to crest. If that assumption were to be proved false, the whole world shipping industry would face some very tough choices.What could cause such extreme waves? Curious about the spate of South African incidents, oceanographer Marten Grundlingh plotted the strikes on thermal sea surface maps. All the ships had been at the edge of the Agulhas Current, the meeting point of two opposing flows mixing warm Indian Ocean water with a colder Atlantic flow. Radar surveillance by satellite confirmed that wave height at the edge of this current could grow well beyond the linear model's predictions, especially if the wind direction opposed the current flow.Problem solved: the answer was just to avoid certain ocean currents in certain weather conditions. There was nothing freakish about large waves; the mariners' myth was an explicable phenomenon. To science, this was one that didn't get away."Out of nowhere... a wave twice as high as average. The ship went down like freefall"G?ran Persson, Caledonian Star First OfficerUnfortunately, ocean currents could not explain two near disastrous wave strikes in March 2001. Once more two reputable ships, designed to cope with the very worst conditions any ocean could throw at them, were crippled to the point of sinking. The Bremen and Caledonian Star were carrying hundreds of tourists across the South Atlantic. At 5am on 2 March the Caledonian Star's First Officer saw a 30m wave bearing down on them.It smashed over the ship, flooding the bridge and destroying much of the navigation and communication equipment. The Caledonian Star limped back to port, her crew and passengers grateful that the engines had kept running, despite the onslaught.Just days earlier, the cruise liner Bremen had been less fortunate. 137 German tourists were aboard when she too faced an awesome wall of water in the South Atlantic. The impact knocked out all the instrumentation and all power, leaving them helpless in the tumultuous sea. Unable to maintain her course into the waves, there was a real risk the ship could go down and they knew none of the passengers would survive in lifeboats in such freezing conditions. With emergency power only, the crew battled to restart the engines. When they eventually succeeded, it opened the door to a very lucky escape."We had said, 'This kind of thing can't happen; this kind of thing is too strange'"Al Osborne, wave mathematicianNo current could have created such huge waves. There is none in that part of the Atlantic. Clearly, there was another effect investigators needed to find. Except someone already had: it existed (on paper at least) in the world of quantum physics. Al Osborne is a wave mathematician with 30 years experience devising equations to describe open ocean wave patterns. Quantum physics has at its heart a concept called the Schrodinger Equation, a way of expressing the probability of something happening that is far more complex than the simple linear model. Al's theory is based on the notion that in certain unstable conditions, waves can steal energy from their neighbours. Adjacent waves shrink while the one at the focus can grow to an enormous size. His modified Schrodinger Equation had been rejected in the past as implausible, but with research attention centred on analysing these rogue waves - including global satellite radar surveillance by the new European Remote Sensing Satellite - data began to emerge backing his case. When Al came across the New Year's Day 1985 wave profiles from the Draupner oil rig, he saw his mathematical model played out in the real world.Al's work - if correct - suggests that there are two kinds of waves out on the high seas; the classical undulating type described by the linear model and an unstable non-linear monster - a wave that at any time can start sucking up energy from waves around it to become a towering freak. The consequences for ship design could be stark.Currently the biggest wave factored into most ship design is smooth, undulating and 15m high. A freak wave is not only far bigger, it is so steep it is almost breaking. This near-vertical wall of water is almost impossible to ride over - the wave just breaks over the ship. According to accident investigator, Rod Rainey, such a wave would exert a pressure of 100 tonnes per square metre on a ship, far greater than the 15 tonnes that ships are designed to withstand without damage. It's no wonder that even ships the size of the huge freighter München can sink without trace.
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【技术参数】——
视频编码: Divx 5.21
比特率: 1897 kb/s
Video 分辨率: 688x512 (1.34:1)
Video 画面比例: 4:3
音频编码: MP3
音频比特率: 129 kb/s (64/ch) VBR 48000 Hz
分集时长: 48m 8s
体积: 700mb
发布人： jvt40【Technical Specs】——
Video Codec: Divx 5.21
Video Bitrate: 1897 kb/s
Video Resolution: 688x512 (1.34:1)
Video Aspect Ratio: 4:3
Audio Codec: MP3
Audio BitRate: 129 kb/s (64/ch) VBR 48000 Hz
RunTime: 48m 8s
Part Size: 700mb
Ripped by jvt40
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