纪录片部落--纪录片《[BBC纪录片]火星上的生命（地平线）LifeonMars(Horizon)-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载》高清百度云1080p下载
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：火星上的生命（地平线）Life on Mars (Horizon)-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载
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由Jack Fortune主持并由??BBC发行的科学纪录片，作为2001年BBC Horizo??n系列的一部分播出-英语旁白Science Documentary hosted by Jack Fortune and published by BBC broadcasted as part of BBC Horizon series in 2001 - English narration
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“如果火星上有生命，那将是有史以来最重要的发现之一。这意味着地球上的生命并不是什么特别的独特事件，这意味着整个宇宙都有可能存在生命。” Horizo??n是火星上的特殊节目，探讨了火星搜索的热度如何以及为什么许多科学家越来越相信火星上已经存在了生命，甚至现在那里可能生活着某种东西。冰冻的沙漠-平均气温为-70°C。但很久以前，火星与众不同。最初的线索来自水手9号，它返回了火星表面的模糊图像，揭示了看起来像古老河流的火山，峡谷和蜿蜒曲折的山谷。河流由雨水径流形成，雨水来自云层，云层意味着气氛。如果火星上有河流，那意味着地球曾经像地球一样温暖潮湿，这是生命进化的理想条件。三十年来，像迈克·卡尔（Mike Carr）这样的科学家一直在研究越来越详细的火星图像，试图拼凑地球的历史。三年前，当最新的探测器“火星全球测量师”（Mars Global Surveyor）发射时，每个人都希望它的高分辨率电子相机能够解决有关古老河流的争论。数以千计的特写照片被反射回去，以奇妙的细节揭示了山谷的各个部分，但这些都没有用处。数十亿年来，山谷都被侵蚀并充满了沙子。无法说出它们是如何形成的。最后，火星全球测量师团队注意到一张图片中的一个微小特征，他们说服了数十亿年前的火星上有河流和湖泊，但是这些温暖潮湿的环境持续了足够长的时间，使生命得以发展吗？土耳其一个不寻常的湖泊使苏格兰地质学家迈克·罗素（Mike Russell）确信火星湖泊曾经充满原始细菌。因此，如果生活确实发生了变化，那么现在火星上是否仍存在某些东西？在火星的多年冻土层中，它必须要在数百万年的深度冻结中生存。俄罗斯生物学家戴维·吉利钦斯基（David Gilichinsky）一直在研究地球的微观生命可以在多年冻土层中保持多长时间。每年夏天，他都会前往西伯利亚钻探多年冻土。到目前为止，他已经设法恢复了在低于-10°C的温度下被冷冻了三百万年的细菌和藻类的复苏。他在南极洲的最新研究结果表明，细菌甚至可以在更冷的温度下（甚至在2,000°C大约三千万年的温度下）存活更长的时间。即使在这种冻土的多年冻土中，细菌仍会以某种方式依靠少量的液态水生存。因此，也许它们仍可能在火星表面以下依附。天文学家比尔·哈特曼（Bill Hartmann）认为，火星表面下的活动可能比任何人所怀疑的还要多。去年，全球测量师发回了在火星陡坡上奔跑的沟壑的惊人图像。比尔坚信，这些是由地下蓄水层喷出的水雕刻而成，并由深处的火山活动加热。如果他是对的话，那么火星上可能已有数十亿年的生命，当行星表面变成现在的冻干沙漠时，幸存下来了。对火星生命的寻求正在向地下发展。在接下来的几年中，R的一系列任务"If there's life on Mars, it would be one of the most important discoveries of all time. It would mean life on Earth was not some special unique event - it would mean there's likely to be life throughout the Universe"In the first of two special programmes on Mars, Horizon explores how the search for Martians is now hotting up, and why many scientists are becoming more and more convinced that life may have arisen on Mars, and that there may even be something living there now.Today, Mars is a frozen desert - the average temperature is -70°C. But long ago Mars was very different. The first clues came from Mariner 9, which sent back fuzzy images of the surface of Mars, revealing volcanoes, canyons and meandering valleys that looked like ancient rivers. Rivers form from rain water run-off, rain comes from clouds, and clouds mean an atmosphere. If there had been rivers on Mars, it meant the planet had once been warm and wet, like the Earth - the perfect conditions for life to evolve. For thirty years scientists like Mike Carr have been poring over more and more detailed images of Mars, trying to piece together the planet's history. When the latest probe, Mars Global Surveyor, was launched three years ago, everyone hoped its high resolution electronic cameras would settle the debate about the ancient rivers. Thousands of close up images were beamed back, revealing sections of the valleys in fantastic detail, but none of them were any use.Over the billions of years, the valleys had all been eroded and filled with sand. It was impossible to say how they had been formed. Then finally, the Mars Global Surveyor team noticed a tiny feature in one image, which convinced them that billions of years ago there were rivers and lakes on Mars.But did these warm, wet conditions last long enough for life to evolve? An unusual lake in Turkey has convinced Scottish geologist, Mike Russell, that Martian lakes were once teeming with primitive bacteria. So if life did evolve, is it possible that something is still living on Mars now? It would have to survive millions of years deep frozen in the Martian permafrost.Russian biologist David Gilichinsky has been studying how long microscopic life on Earth can survive frozen in permafrost. Each summer he travels to Siberia to drill into the permafrost. So far he has managed to resuscitate bacteria and algae which have been frozen for three million years at temperatures below -10°C. His latest results from Antarctica suggest bacteria may be able to survive even longer at even colder temperatures - perhaps thirty million years, at -20°C. Somehow bacteria live off the tiny amounts of liquid water that exist even in permafrost this cold. So perhaps they could still be clinging on, below the surface of Mars.Astronomer Bill Hartmann, believes that there may be far more going on beneath the surface of Mars than anyone suspected. Last year, Global Surveyor sent back astonishing images of gullies running down steep slopes on Mars. Bill is convinced these were carved by water erupting from underground aquifers, heated by volcanic activity deep below. If he's right, then perhaps there has been life on Mars for billions of years, surviving undergound when the surface of the planet became the freeze dried desert it is now.The search for life on Mars is moving underground. Over the next few years a series of missions to the Red Planet are planned, but any signs of life will be hidden away - buried deep, and hard to find. When will Mars give up its greatest secret?
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【技术参数】——
视频编码: Divx 5.21
比特率: 1805 kb/s
Video 分辨率: 640x480
Video 画面比例: 4:3
音频编码: LAME MP3
音频比特率: 192 kb/s
Audio 声道数: 2
分集时长: 48m 47s
分集数: 1
体积: 702mb
发布人： jvt40【Technical Specs】——
Video Codec: Divx 5.21
Video Bitrate: 1805 kb/s
Video Resolution: 640x480
Video Aspect Ratio: 4:3
Audio Codec: LAME MP3
Audio BitRate: 192 kb/s
Audio Channels: 2
RunTime Per Part: 48m 47s
Number Of Parts: 1
Part Size: 702mb
Ripped by jvt40
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