|
|
------------------------------------------------------
[BBC系列]：土星-指环王Saturn - Lord of the Rings-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载
------------------------------------------------------
由杰克·福斯特（Jack Fortune）主持，??由英国广播公司（BBC）发行的科学纪录片，作为2004年BBC地平线系列的一部分播出-英语旁白Science Documentary hosted by Jack Fortune and published by BBC broadcasted as part of BBC Horizon series in 2004 - English narration
------------------------------------------------------
“土星有其著名的环，是肉眼可看见的最遥远的行星”，但是环是如何到达那里的，它们是何时形成的？要详细研究该行星，科学家们需要拉近距离。因此，1997年10月15日卡西尼-惠更斯号航天器发射升空。卡西尼-惠更斯号航天器是有史以来最雄心勃勃的航天器之一，花了七年时间才到达土星。任务本身包括两个单独的探查。第一个是巨大的卡西尼号探测器，旨在收集有关土星系统各个方面的信息，从其许多环到33颗卫星；第二个是惠更斯号探测器，它是一种较小的铁锅状飞船，固定在卡西尼号的侧面。它的任务是穿越土星最大最神秘的卫星泰坦（Titan）的大气层。欧洲航天局（ESA）和意大利航天局的合资企业。它耗资32.7亿美元，涉及17个国家。它的灵感来自另一个成功的任务-发射了两个旅行者深空探测器。它们于1977年离开地球，分别于1980年和1981年到达土星。它们送回了革命性的数据，改变了科学家对土星系统的看法。他们发现土星的环比任何人想象的都要复杂和动态得多。他们还暗示，环是在行星本身之后形成的。为什么？他们几岁了？但是旅行者号的探测器必须继续前进，超越天王星和海王星，甚至更远，从而使这些有关环的基本问题无法得到解答。旅行者号也引发了另一个谜团-泰坦。土卫六不仅仅是土星最大的卫星，它也被笼罩在浓厚的橙色大气中，主要由氮组成-与地球大气类似。在如此遥远的地方找到一个与我们自己的世界具有共同特征的地方，真是太诱人了。卡西尼-惠更斯（Cassini-Huygens）项目始于1990年，以法国-意大利天文学家让·多米尼克·卡西尼（Jean-Dominique Cassini）（1625-1712）的名字命名。它的工作是飞往土星，并在行星周围飞行四年。惠更斯号探测器以克里斯蒂安·惠更斯（Christiaan Huygens，1629-1695年）的名字命名，他首先发现了土卫六，将其与卡西尼号分离并收集有关月球大气化学成分的重要信息，并揭示云层下的景观类型。毫不奇怪，探针配备了强大的仪器。卡西尼号能够测量从行星巨大的磁层到微小的宇宙尘埃颗粒的一切东西。任务的核心是照相机-所谓的成像科学子系统。它们具有长焦距和短焦距，既可以提供高分辨率图片，又可以提供更广阔的环境。卡西尼号还带有一组光谱仪，它们看起来与照相机相同，但是可以看到的波长超出了人眼可见的范围。这些波长使光谱仪可以推断出所观察物体的化学成分。这两个探测器的总重量为5,712千克，要穿越十亿英里的空间。这就带来了一系列全新的问题-如何将如此庞大的飞船运到目的地。任务计划者转向了一种称为“?重力辅助”。该探测器将由世界上最大的火箭“泰坦”发射"With its famous rings, Saturn is the most distant planet clearly visible to the naked eye"But how did the rings get there and when were they formed?To study the planet in detail, scientists needed to get closer.So on 15 October 1997, the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft was launched.The Cassini-Huygens is one of the most ambitious spacecraft ever launched, taking seven years to reach Saturn. The mission itself consists of two separate probes. The first is the enormous Cassini probe, designed to gather information about all aspects of the Saturnian system, from its many rings to its 33 moons.The second is the Huygens probe, a smaller wok-shaped craft, attached to the side of Cassini. Its task is to plunge through the atmosphere of Titan, Saturn's largest and most mysterious moon.The project is a joint NASA, European Space Agency (ESA) and Italian Space Agency venture. It has cost $3.27 billion and involves over 17 countries. It was inspired by another successful mission- the launch of the two Voyager Deep Space probes. These left Earth in 1977, and arrived separately at Saturn in 1980 and 1981. They sent back revolutionary data, changing what scientists thought about the Saturnian system.They revealed that Saturn's rings are far more complex and dynamic than any one had ever imagined. They also suggested that the rings had been formed after the planet itself. Why? And how old were they? But the Voyager probes had to move on, past Uranus and Neptune and beyond, leaving these fundamental questions about the rings unanswered.Voyager also raised another mystery - Titan. Titan isn't just Saturn's largest moon, it is also shrouded in a thick orange atmosphere, composed mainly of nitrogen - similar to the Earth's atmosphere. Finding a place so far away which shared features with our own world was exceptionally tantalising. The building of the Cassini-Huygens project began in 1990.The Cassini probe was named after the French-Italian astronomer Jean-Dominique Cassini (1625-1712). Its job was to fly to Saturn, and remain in orbit around the planet for four years. The Huygens probe, named after Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695) who first discovered Titan, was to detach itself from Cassini and gather crucial information about the chemical composition of the moon\'s atmosphere and to reveal what kind of landscape lay beneath the clouds. Not surprisingly, the probes were armed with a formidable array of instruments. Cassini is capable of measuring everything from the planet's huge magnetosphere to tiny particles of cosmic dust.At the heart of the mission are the cameras - the so-called Imaging Science Subsystem. These have both a long and short focal length, which gives both high resolution pictures and the wider context. Cassini also carries a set of spectrometers which look at the same things as the cameras, but which can see wavelengths beyond those visible to the human eye. These wavelengths allow the spectrometer to deduce the chemical composition of whatever is being looked at. The combined weight of the two probes was a massive 5,712kg and it was to travel across a billion miles of space. This created a whole new set of problems - how to get such a massive craft to its destination.The mission planners turned to a technique known as a 'gravity assist'. The probe was to be launched by the largest rocket in the world, the Titan IVB. But that was just enough to get it out into space. Cassini was then routed by other planets, 'stealing' energy from their orbital momentum. The result is a kind of gravitational slingshot.After launching in 1997, Cassini passed by Venus twice, then Earth in 1999 and finally Jupiter at the end of 2000. On 30 June 2004, the spacecraft finally arrived at Saturn, having clocked up a speed of over 80,000km/h (approximately 50,000mph). But to get into orbit around the planet, Cassini-Huygens had to pass between Saturn's F and G rings. Mission planners had plotted a course through what appeared to be a gap, but if Cassini was hit by even a tiny particle the size of a grain of rice, the probe could be destroyed.At 19:36 Pacific Daylight Time (PDT), scientists waited anxiously at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California, as the manoeuvre (called Saturn Orbit Insertion) began, and Cassini fired its main engine to get into orbit. All eyes followed the signal given out by Cassini's low-gain antenna."At 21:12 PDT, the signal flattened out, indicating that Cassini-Huygens had successfully got into orbit around Saturn"The mission will last for at least four years, with the possibility of going on for longer. Cassini will use its wealth of instruments to study the whole Saturnian system. It\'s already providing intriguing information. One of the instruments onboard Cassini, the Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (UVIS), will help scientists answer the question of how old the rings are. By looking at the reflected light in ultra-violet wavelengths, this instrument can tell what parts are icy and what parts have been contaminated. By measuring this over time, UVIS will be able to use the pollution like a clock.The dirtier the rings get, the older they are. As Cassini passed over the rings during Saturn Orbit Insertion, UVIS took images of the rings which showed a significant difference in the levels of water ice and contaminants. It will take scientists time to decipher this data, but along with the information from Cassini's other instruments, such as the Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS), they will be able to build up a picture of the composition of the rings over time, and so work out how old they are. But while the Cassini mission is due to last for years, the Huygens mission is much more short-lived. It will be key to our understanding of Titan, Saturn's largest moon.Like the Earth's, Titan's atmosphere is mainly made up of nitrogen, but there are other compounds such as methane which open up exciting possibilities for science. Because Titan is so cold (as it is so far away from the sun), methane can exist in all three states - gas, liquid and solid. Indeed methane might adopt the role water has on earth in a weather cycle, so there could be clouds of methane, methane rain, and possibly even lakes, or seas. The surface itself is probably made not of rock, but hard water ice surface.Scientists expect it to be pitted with impact craters and even volcanoes, spewing liquid water, rather than lava. So in some ways, Titan's landscape might seem strangely familiar. But crucially, Titan may also offer a window on the distant past, as scientists believe that its atmosphere may resemble the early Earth's atmosphere, before life began. It's all because the methane and nitrogen in Titan's atmosphere combine together to create a compound called tholins, which form the impenetrable orange haze that blocks Titan's surface from view.Experiments on Earth have shown that tholins, when combined with liquid water, can form amino-acids, which can then form proteins - the building blocks of life itself. While Titan is too cold to have liquid water for long on its surface, if there are volcanoes these could hurl water onto the surface of Titan from the liquid mantle beneath the surface.This may stay liquid for long enough for complex organic molecules to form. The hope is that these conditions could make Titan a planet-sized laboratory in which we can study the processes by which life might have begun on our planet.But scientists can only hypothesise at this stage since so little is known about Titan. But on 14 January 2005, we will know much more. Huygens will separate from Cassini on Christmas Day 2004, and after a 22-day coast it will enter Titan's thick atmosphere. Its enormous heat shield will protect it from searing temperatures of up to 1,700?C, and a series of parachutes will slow its descent.After the heat shield is ejected, the instruments will begin to do their work - the onboard camera will take the first ever images from beneath the haze, and the chemical analysers will sample the atmosphere, sending back precious information about this unexplored moon.
------------------------------------------------------
【技术参数】——
视频编码: Divx 5.0
比特率: 1861 kb/s
Video 分辨率: 640x480 (1.33:1)
Video 画面比例: 4:3
音频编码: MP3
音频比特率: 128 kb/s (64/ch, stereo) CBR 48000 Hz
Audio 声道数: 2
分集时长: 49m
体积: 699mb
发布人： macuna【Technical Specs】——
Video Codec: Divx 5.0
Video Bitrate: 1861 kb/s
Video Resolution: 640x480 (1.33:1)
Video Aspect Ratio: 4:3
Audio Codec: MP3
Audio BitRate: 128 kb/s (64/ch, stereo) CBR 48000 Hz
Audio Channels: 2
RunTime: 49m
Part Size: 699mb
Ripped by macuna
------------------------------------------------------
相关纪录片：
----------------------------------
Links
Release Post
MVGroup.org (ed2k)
MVGroup.org (torrent)
DocsPT.com
DonkeyHeaven.com
FTIReloaded.net
ShareTheFiles.com
ShareTheFiles.com
ShareVirus.com
VeryCD.com
VeryCD.com
Official Website
Related Documentaries
The Winter Sky
Goodbye Cassini: Hello Saturn
Cassini: The Gamechanger
Cassini: The Grand Finale
Into the Dark Zone
Destination Titan (BBC)
Volcanoes of the Solar System (BBC)
Ice Giants (BBC)
The Fountains Of Enceladus (BBC)
Stunning Saturn (BBC)
Voyager: To the Final Frontier
Destination Titan
Stunning Saturn
The Fountains of Enceladus
Are We Alone in the Universe
Cosmos
Deadliest Planets
Encounter with Neptune
Lost in Space
Monster of the Milky Way (PBS)
Moon for Sale
On Jupiter
Passport to Pluto
Revealing Mars
Saturn's Titan - Voyage to the Mystery Moon
Saturns Secrets
Space (BBC)
The Moon
The Planets
The Sun
Titan a Place Like Home
------------------------------------------------------
本片字幕下载-（纪录片部落：www.xitongle.com）
-----------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
纪录片部落下载地址：
|
小贴士：【影视自媒体解说文案请移步：夏至文案解说网 www.xiazhi.vip】上一篇：纪录片部落--纪录片《[BBC纪录片]萨福：莱斯博斯岛上的爱与生命Sappho:LoveandLifeonLesbos-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载》高清百度云1080p下载下一篇：纪录片部落--纪录片《[BBC纪录片]SanFhuil：血腥中SanFhuil:It'sintheBlood-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载》高清百度云1080p下载
|
发表于 2020-7-13 23:17:39
发表于 2020-7-19 21:26:39