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[BBC系列]：爱因斯坦未完成的交响曲Einstein's Unfinished Symphony-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载
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由Bernard Hill主持并由BBC出版的科学纪录片作为BBC Horizo??n系列电视节目的一部分在2005年播出-英语旁白Science Documentary hosted by Bernard Hill and published by BBC broadcasted as part of BBC Horizon series in 2005- English narration
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当爱因斯坦躺在病床上时，他只要求提供眼镜，书写工具和最新公式。他知道自己快死了，但他继续工作。在生命的最后几个小时中，他逐渐淡出或失去了意识，他一直在努力，他希望这将是他最伟大的工作。这是一个巨大复杂性的项目。爱因斯坦一生中曾说过：“我想了解上帝的思想”。“我对这种现象或那种现象不感兴趣”。“我想知道上帝的想法，其余只是细节。”?但是当他躺在普林斯顿医院去世时，他一定已经明白，这些显然是上帝显然热衷于坚持的秘密。他那年最伟大的科学家去世了，因为他知道自己已经与科学界隔绝了。一方面受到崇敬，另一方面对这一追求感到嘲笑。这是50年前在瑞士伯尔尼开始的旅程。然后-在他20多岁的时候-他是一个年轻的男子，努力地打出自己的烙印。他在整个欧洲大学的申请都被拒绝了。最终，他的父亲竭尽全力让他成为第三级书记员，负责评估最新的电子产品，但在业余时间，他提出了最杰出的科学思想。在单一的年份-1905年，这一年被称为他的奇迹年?他发表的论文将重新定义我们如何看待我们的世界和宇宙。时间是相对的。他确认所有物质都是由分子组成的。当时有争议的想法。最著名的是，他发表了论文“关于运动物体的电动力学”。它包含了他的狭义相对论，并提出了时间-一直被认为是不变的和绝对的。是相对的。根据您的行进速度，它可能会加速或减速。从本文中可以得出另外三页，于同年9月完成，其中包含e =mc2（有史以来最著名的数学方程式）的推导。狭义相对论发表十年后，他发表了《广义相对论》。被公认为他的杰作的一件作品。17世纪伟大的科学家艾萨克·牛顿爵士非常成功地描述了引力，但是引力的原因仍然是个谜。爱因斯坦在《广义相对论》中提出，引力是由于大型物体对时间和空间的弯曲所致。1919年，天文学家通过测量日食期间太阳周围星光的弯曲度来证实这一点。与量子力学的斗争1921年，爱因斯坦获得诺贝尔奖不是因为他的相对论，而是因为他在1905年发表了另一篇论文。爱因斯坦在论文中提出，光不只是由波组成，还可以认为是离散的，单独的粒子或量子。这一发现将彻底改变物理学和化学，因为它将成为一门新科学的基础之一：量子力学。但是在1920年代，新的量子力学科学开始逆转爱因斯坦看待世界的方式。物理学领域的年轻假装者开始出现，例如海森堡，玻尔和薛定r，As Albert Einstein lay on his deathbed, he asked only for his glasses, his writing implements and his latest equations. He knew he was dying, yet he continued his work. In those final hours of his life, while fading in and out of consciousness, he was working on what he hoped would be his greatest work of all. It was a project of monumental complexity. It was a project that he hoped would unlock the mind of God."I want to know God's thoughts""I am not interested in this phenomenon or that phenomenon," Einstein had said earlier in his life. "I want to know God's thoughts – the rest are mere details." But as he lay there dying in Princeton Hospital he must have understood that these were secrets that God was clearly keen to hang on to. The greatest scientist of his age died knowing that he had become isolated from the scientific community; revered on the one hand, ridiculed for this quest on the other.It was a journey that started 50 years earlier in Berne, Switzerland. Then - in his early 20s - he was a young man struggling to make his mark. His applications to universities throughout Europe had all been rejected. In the end his father had pulled strings to get him a job as a third class clerk evaluating the latest electrical gizmos.But in his spare time he was formulating the most extraordinary scientific ideas. In a single year - 1905, a year that would become known as his miracle year – he published papers that would redefine how we see our world and universe.Time is relativeHe confirmed that all matter was composed of molecules – an idea that at the time was controversial. And most famously of all, he published the paper 'On the electrodynamics of moving bodies'. It contained his Theory of Special Relativity and suggested that time - something that had always thought to be unchanging and absolute – was relative. It could speed up or slow down depending on the speed you were travelling. From this paper would come an additional three pages, finished in September of the same year, that would contain the derivation of e=mc2, the most famous mathematical equation ever written.Einstein was on a roll. Ten years after his Theory of Special Relativity, he published his Theory of General Relativity – a piece of work widely acknowledged as his masterpiece. The great 17th century scientist Sir Isaac Newton had described the force of gravity very successfully, but what caused gravity remained a mystery. In this Theory of General Relativity, Einstein suggested that gravity was due to the bending of time and space by massive objects. In 1919 astronomers confirmed this by measuring the bending of starlight around the sun during a solar eclipse.The battle with quantum mechanicsIn 1921, Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize, not for his theories of relativity, but for another paper published in 1905. In this paper, Einstein proposed that light was not simply made up of waves, it could also be thought of as discrete, individual particles or quanta. This discovery would revolutionise physics and chemistry, because it would become one of the foundations of a new science: quantum mechanics.But during the 1920s the new science of quantum mechanics began to turn the tide against the way Einstein saw the world. Young pretenders in the field of physics had begun to emerge, such as Heisenberg, Bohr and Schr?dinger, who are now some of the most famous figures in science. But at the time they were mavericks. They saw quantum mechanics as a brand new way of interpreting everything.A core element to their new interpretation of the world was that at a fundamental level, everything was unpredictable. You could, for example, accurately tell the speed of a particle but not – at the same time – its position. Or its position but not its speed. It meant that precise predictions were impossible – the best you could hope for was a science based on probabilities.God does not play diceEinstein's work was underpinned by the idea that the laws of physics were an expression of the divine. This belief led him to think that everything could be described by simple, elegant mathematics and moreover, that once you knew these laws you could describe the universe with absolute accuracy. Einstein loathed the implications of quantum mechanics. It was a clash of ideologies.The conflict reached a crescendo in the late 1920s at the Solvay Conference in Belgium. There Einstein clashed with the great Danish physicist Niels Bohr over the nature of the universe. Einstein constantly challenged Bohr over the implications of quantum mechanics, but never budged from his belief that "God does not play dice", meaning that nothing would be left to chance in the universe. To which the quantum mechanics community replied: "Einstein, stop telling God what to do with his dice."The theory of everythingBut Einstein had a trick up his sleeve. He had already begun a piece of work that he believed would ultimately replace quantum mechanics. It would become later known as his theory of everything – it was his attempt to extend general relativity and unite the known forces in the universe.By completing this theory of everything Einstein hoped he would rid physics of the unpredictability at the heart of quantum mechanics and show that the world was predictable – described by beautiful, elegant mathematics. Just the way he believed God would make the universe. He would show that the way the quantum mechanics community interpreted the world was just plain wrong. It was a project that he would work on for the next 30 years, until the final day of his life.But while Einstein's theory of everything may be considered to have been a failure, it is an idea that still fascinates and draws some of the brightest minds in physics. Today many believe that String Theory is our best candidate for a theory of everything. But the ultimate irony is that lurking at the heart of String Theory is the very thing that, because of his beliefs, Einstein had been unable to accept: quantum mechanics.
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【技术参数】——
视频编码: DX50
比特率: 1733 kbps
Video 分辨率: 352x640 (height x width)
Video 画面比例: 13x24 (1:1,82)
音频编码: MPEG-1 Layer 3 (MP3) <0x0055>
音频比特率: 256 kbps
音频串流: 1
分集时长: 48 min 57,60 s (73440 Frames)
体积: 699,63 MB【Technical Specs】——
Video Codec: DX50
Video Bitrate: 1733 kbps
Video Resolution: 352x640 (height x width)
Video Aspect Ratio: 13x24 (1:1,82)
Audio Codec: MPEG-1 Layer 3 (MP3) <0x0055>
Audio BitRate: 256 kbps
Audio Streams: 1
RunTime Per Part: 48 min 57,60 s (73440 Frames)
Part Size: 699,63 MB
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发表于 2020-7-13 23:34:54
发表于 2020-7-18 05:02:46