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[BBC系列]：搜寻超级美女Hunt for the Supertwister-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载
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由Dilly Barlow主持并由BBC发行的自然纪录片作为BBC Horizo??n系列的一部分在2004年播出-英语旁白Nature Documentary hosted by Dilly Barlow and published by BBC broadcasted as part of BBC Horizon series in 2004- English narration
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2003年5月3日，龙卷风袭击了俄克拉荷马城的两个郊区。它在龙卷风季节的高峰期袭来，但居民仍对其所造成的破坏感到震惊。八千所房屋被摧毁，十亿美元的损失严重，有40人丧生。那天袭击俄克拉荷马城的不仅是任何旧的龙卷风-它是超级扭曲风，龙卷风被分类为藤田规模或F级。全世界范围内发生的大多数龙卷风都可以在规模的下游进行分类-F0，F1或F2。这些仍然会造成破坏，风速超过每小时160公里。超级扭曲者是完全不同的野兽。可怕和破坏性的是，在最极端的情况下，它们以超过480 km / h的速度行进。这样的强度足以将坚固的框架房屋从地基上抬起，甚至严重损坏甚至是钢筋混凝土。全世界每年都有数百人被超级扭曲者杀死或受伤。然而，令他们更加恐惧的是，实际上不可能预测它们的出现或运动。它们为什么会首先形成仍然是一个谜。超级龙卷风的神秘美国大多数龙卷风发生在龙卷风巷，从南部的得克萨斯州到北部的达科他州，是一条平坦的中西部伸展带。超级扭转者的旺季通常在春季，从三月到六月，龙卷风通常在雷暴期间出现。超级扭曲者与超级细胞相关联，超级细胞是最大的雷云。这些巨大的旋转气柱可以跨越30公里，跨越18公里，000米高-珠穆朗玛峰的高度的两倍。当龙卷风在温暖潮湿的空气被大量冷空气向上推动时形成。这会在暴风云内产生上升气流，这会引起大量的循环空气。当这种空气与地面接触时，就会变成龙卷风。到底是什么触发了形成龙卷风的最后阶段……猎手一群科学家正试图在我们的知识中填补这些空白。每当他们在野外时，这些“追逐者”就将自己的生命掌握在自己手中。为了获得关键数据，他们需要接近超级领导者。他们的研究对于找到一种向人们多加几分钟警告的方式至关重要。时间可能不足以保存房屋或财产，但可以挽救生命。为了帮助他们，他们使用了最新技术。他们中的许多人，例如俄克拉荷马大学的Howie Bluestein，都使用装在卡车后部的多普勒雷达天线跟踪风暴。多普勒雷达使用声波来感知空气和水分的运动，而且细节非常明显-这是绘制构成龙卷风的旋风模式的最准确方法。许多风暴追踪小组至少使用其中两辆卡车，以便他们可以从不同角度记录有关风暴的信息。但是即使使用了所有最新的设备，追逐者每年还是会拦截一次或两次龙卷风，他们仍然认为自己很幸运。如何使用数据收集数据是一回事，弄清楚如何处理它是另一个问题。许多工作使用专门设计的计算机模型。伊利诺伊大学的Lou Wicker和他的同事们在过去十年中一直在开发最先进的软件，该软件将有助于准确解释龙卷风的形成方式。他的一些拉特On 3 May 2003 a tornado smashed through two suburbs of Oklahoma City. It had struck at the height of the tornado season, yet residents were still shocked by the destruction it wrought. Eight thousand homes were destroyed, a billion dollars of damage was wreaked and 40 people lost their lives. What had hit Oklahoma City that day was not just any old tornado - it was a super-twister.Tornadoes are classified on the Fujita scale, or F-scale. Most tornadoes that occur around the world can be classified on the lower reaches of the scale - the F0s, F1s or F2s. These can still cause damage and have winds in excess of 160km/h.Supertwisters are an altogether different beast. Terrifying and destructive, at their most extreme they are powered by wind travelling in excess of 480km/h. This is strong enough to lift strong framed houses from their foundations and seriously damage even reinforced concrete.Every year hundreds of people around the world are killed or injured by supertwisters. Yet what makes them even more terrifying is that it is practically impossible to predict their appearance or movement. Why they form in the first place remains a mystery.The mystery of supertwistersMost US tornadoes occur in Tornado Alley, a flat mid-western stretch from Texas in the south to the Dakotas in the north. High season for supertwisters tends to be during spring, from March to June.Tornadoes usually appear during a thunderstorm. Supertwisters are associated with super-cells, the largest thunderclouds of all. These are enormous rotating columns of air that can be over 30km across and 18,000 metres high - twice the height of Mount Everest.All tornadoes form when warm, moist air is pushed upward by a mass of cold air. This creates an updraft within the stormcloud that can cause a large mass of circulating air. When this air comes in contact with the ground it becomes a tornado. What is not known is precisely what triggers this final stage to form a tornado...The huntersA group of scientists are trying to plug these gaps in our knowledge. These 'storm chasers' take their lives in their own hands every time they go out in the field. To get the crucial data they need to get close to the supertwisters. Their research is vital to finding a way of giving people a few extra minutes warning. The time might not be enough to save houses or possessions, but could save lives.To help them, they use the very latest technology. Many of them, like Howie Bluestein from the University of Oklahoma, track storms using a Doppler radar dish mounted on the back of a truck. Doppler radar uses sound waves to sense the movement of air and moisture in remarkable detail - it is the most accurate way of mapping the swirling wind patterns that make up a tornado. Many storm chasing teams use at least two of these trucks so they can record information on the storm from different angles. But even with all the latest equipment, storm chasers consider themselves lucky if they intercept one or two tornadoes each year.How to use the dataGathering the data is one thing, working out what to do with it is another problem altogether. Much of the work uses specially designed computer models. Lou Wicker and his colleagues from the University of Illinois have spent the past decade developing state-of-the-art software that will help to explain precisely how a tornado forms. Some of his latest work involves working out how to visualise a storm using real tornado data, picked up from the storm chaser's Doppler radar.He added the real wind speeds, atmospheric pressure and humidity present before a storm into his model. Could this model use the data to make an artificial tornado within his computer? If possible, he should be able to observe the inner workings of the twister and therefore see what had triggered the final touch down.Wicker and his colleagues soon noticed something crucial - the simulation showed a clear hook of wind and a strong downdraft. His model also showed that just as the storm was intensifying a series of whirlwinds were forming at ground level. These tiny corkscrews of wind merged together into a much larger current and seemed to form the tornado itself.The whirlwinds which showed up in the computer were so subtle that in reality they would be invisible to the naked eye. What seemed to make Wicker's work so exciting was that these mini-whirlwinds had shown up on real tornadoes picked up by both Bluestein's and fellow supertwister expert Dr Josh Wurman's radar. Could identifying these tiny whirlwinds in advance be the key to finding the extra time in tornado prediction?
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【技术参数】——
Size: 560 MB
Duration: 00:48:48
分辨率: 624 x 352
视频编码: Xvid
音频编码: MP3
音频比特率: 149 Kbps【Technical Specs】——
Size: 560 MB
Duration: 00:48:48
Resolution: 624 x 352
Video codec: Xvid
Audio codec: MP3
Audio Bitrate: 149 Kbps
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相关纪录片：
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Links
Further Information
BBC: Horizon
Release Post
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Stormchasers
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发表于 2020-7-13 23:41:55
发表于 2020-8-2 04:41:46