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[BBC系列]：侏罗纪之谜The Mystery of the Jurassic-1080P高清迅雷网盘下载
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由Jack Fortune主持并由??BBCbroadcastet发行的科学纪录片，作为2002年BBC地平线系列的一部分-英语旁白Science Documentary hosted by Jack Fortune and published by BBCbroadcastet as part of the BBC Horizon Seriesin 2002 - English narration
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“多年来，科学家一直在寻找负责将恐龙转变为世界霸主的神秘进化万能钥匙”。在2亿年前的侏罗纪早期，它们是一小群原始生物。到了5000万年的侏罗纪晚期，它们已成为食肉动物和巨型植物食蚁兽的宏伟物种，它们将在数百万年的时间里统治着地球。介于两者之间的是所有侏罗纪的神秘时期。但是他们是什么？是什么使恐龙发生了变化？大规模灭绝了吗？环境发生了惊人的变化吗？所有这些都是推测和理论。证据如何以及在何处显现？来自侏罗纪中期的化石极为罕见。所有人所要做的就是在世界各地散布一些小块露头的岩石。显着证据??随后在1990年代的阿根廷荒野中发现了化石宝库；数千平方英里的侏罗纪中部岩石。在该领域的第一个季节中，古生物学家奥利弗·劳胡特（Oliver Rauhut）和他的团队发掘了两种巨大的食肉恐龙和六种巨大的长颈恐龙。而且还有更多：早期哺乳动物，鳄鱼，鱼类甚至植物生命。他们发现了完整的侏罗纪中期生态系统，这是恐龙黑暗时代的一生的美好快照。“好像有人发现了恐龙古生物学圣杯，”英国地质学家菲尔·曼宁博士说。Oliver Rauhut将网站描述为“侏罗纪中期的非凡窗口”。希望该站点可能包含寻找古生物学家长期以来一直无法找到的神秘进化力所需的所有信息。没有大灭绝？??他们已经能够检验许多理论并得出一些令人兴奋的结论。例如，关于侏罗纪中期可能发生的事情的一种理论显然没有得到阿根廷的发现的支持：大规模灭绝理论。进化定律说，一次重大的灭绝事件可能导致恐龙爆炸。像侏罗纪中期那样的多样性。如此大规模的死亡清除了竞争，使幸存者迅速发展成新的生态位。但是阿根廷没有证据表明灭绝事件会影响恐龙。第二种理论认为，重大的气候变化可能改变了恐龙的环境，导致了许多新型恐龙的进化。在阿根廷，确实有证据表明气候发生了巨大变化。在早期的原始恐龙时代，所有大洲都聚集在一个巨型超级大陆（Pangea）中。超级大陆的气候主要是在极热和干燥的条件下-降雨短暂集中。科学家称这为巨型季风的时间。然后在中侏罗纪的Pangea开始分裂。阿根廷的站点提供的证据表明，随着超大陆的分裂，气候变为更温和，不太极端的气候。迁移的障碍?然后在中侏罗纪的Pangea开始分裂。阿根廷的站点提供的证据表明，随着超大陆的分裂，气候变为更温和，不太极端的气候。迁移的障碍?然后在中侏罗纪的Pangea开始分裂。阿根廷的站点提供的证据表明，随着超大陆的分裂，气候变为更温和，不太极端的气候。迁移的障碍??许多科学家认为，仅靠气候变化不足以解释侏罗纪中期恐龙发生的事情。正如菲尔·曼宁指出的那样，恐龙可以"For years scientists have been trying to find the mysterious evolutionary master key responsible for transforming the dinosaurs into world-beaters"In the early Jurassic, 200 million years ago, they were a relatively small group of primitive creatures. By the late Jurassic, 50 million years later, they had become the magnificent array of carnivores and giant plant eaters that would dominate the planet for millions of years. In between lies the mysterious period of the middle Jurassic in which all these changes must have happened. But what were they? What was it that transformed the dinosaurs?Was there some terrible mass extinction? Had there been an amazing change in the environment? All this was speculation and theory. How and where would evidence come to light? Fossils from the middle Jurassic are incredibly rare. All anyone had to go on were a few small outcrops of rock dotted around the world. Remarkable evidence Then a treasure trove of fossils emerged from the midst of an Argentinian wilderness in the 1990s; thousands of square miles of mid-Jurassic rocks. On their first season in the field, palaeontologist Oliver Rauhut and his team unearthed two giant meat-eating dinosaurs and six huge long-necked dinosaurs. And there was much more: early mammals, crocodiles, fish and even plant life. They had uncovered a complete mid-Jurassic eco-system, a wonderful snapshot of life from this dark age of dinosaurs."It's as if someone has unearthed a holy grail of dinosaur palaeontology," says British geologist, Dr Phil Manning. Oliver Rauhut describes the site as, "an extraordinary window on the mid-Jurassic."Above all, the hope is that this site may contain all the information they need to find the mysterious evolutionary forces that have eluded palaeontologists for so long. No mass extinction? Already they've been able to test out many of their theories and draw some exciting conclusions. For instance, one theory about what might have happened in the mid-Jurassic clearly does not seem to be supported by the finds in Argentina: the mass extinction theory.The laws of evolution say that a major extinction event could have caused an explosion in dinosaur diversity like the one in the mid-Jurassic. Death on such a vast scale clears away the competition, allowing the survivors to evolve rapidly into new ecological niches. But there's no evidence in Argentina for an extinction event affecting the dinosaurs.A second theory was that a major climate change could have transformed the dinosaurs' environment, leading to the evolution of many new types of dinosaur. In Argentina there is indeed evidence for a dramatic change in the climate. At the time of the early, primitive dinosaurs all the continents were gathered together in one giant super-continent (Pangea). The climate of the super-continent was dominated by extremely hot and dry conditions - with rainfall concentrated in a short bursts. Scientists call this the time of the mega-monsoon. Then in the middle Jurassic Pangea began to split apart. The Argentinian site offers evidence that as the super-continent split up, the climate changed to a more moderate, less extreme climate. Barriers to migration Many scientists believe that on its own climate change isn't enough to explain what happened to the dinosaurs in the mid-Jurassic. As Phil Manning points out, the dinosaurs could in theory simply move to find the climates they were most adapted to - unless something stopped them from moving, some major physical barrier that meant they couldn't follow the climate zones. When scientists looked into this, it became clear that as the super-continent split up, such a barrier was being formed. Today it's called the Atlantic Ocean.This major barrier would allow an evolutionary process called vicariance to operate - animals on different sides of the barrier are able to evolve separately. The problem was there was no proof of vicariance in the mid-Jurassic. Until Argentina.Fortunately the site has fossils from just before and just after the super-continent split in two, so it's ideally placed to judge whether vicariance was beginning to take effect. And the early results are lending support that this may have been a key factor in explaining what happened to the dinosaurs in the mid-Jurassic.
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【技术参数】——
Video 来源:DVBc > MPEG2 > Divx
视频编码: Divx 6
比特率: 1855 kb/s
Video 分辨率: 688x512 (1.34:1)
Video 画面比例: 4:3
音频编码: MP3
音频比特率: 128 kb/s (64/ch) CBR 48000 Hz
分集时长: 49m 10s
体积: 699mb
发布人： jvt40【Technical Specs】——
Video Source:DVBc > MPEG2 > Divx
Video Codec: Divx 6
Video Bitrate: 1855 kb/s
Video Resolution: 688x512 (1.34:1)
Video Aspect Ratio: 4:3
Audio Codec: MP3
Audio BitRate: 128 kb/s (64/ch) CBR 48000 Hz
RunTime: 49m 10s
Part Size: 699mb
Ripped by jvt40
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发表于 2020-7-23 15:52:24